Improvement in rooting of native Nerium oleander cuttings can considerably enhance nursery production. Both the medium and position of cutting (apical, central and basal) significantly modified all the parameters studied in an experiment conducted in SE Spain. This interaction suggests that the choice of medium depends on the position from which the cutting was taken and vice versa. Both Vermiculites (M2 and M3) and Cocopeat favoured rhizogenesis, while the other two substrates (sand and Perlite A13) seemed unsuitable for N. oleander rooting. In general, basal cutting produced the larger root growth, although the longer number of roots and the higher homogeneity in their distribution was obtained with apical cuttings. Rooting parameters measured were: percentage of rooting; number of roots per cutting; root distribution index; number of forks per cutting; total root length and root dry weight. J. Ochoa, S. Bañón, J.A. Fernández, A. González, J.A. Franco. Acta Horticulturae 608 www.actahort.org